ELDT Theory vs Behind-the-Wheel: What Each Part Includes and How Long It Takes
Detailed breakdown of ELDT theory (online) vs behind-the-wheel (BTW) training. Hours required, content covered, and how they connect for your CDL.
Warning: If a school is not on the federal registry, you cannot get your license. All schools listed on CDL Schools USA are verified against the 2025 FMCSA database.
In This Guide
- 1.ELDT Overview: Two Required Components
- 2.Theory Training: What's Covered
- 3.Behind-the-Wheel (BTW) Training
- 4.Hours Required by CDL Class
- 5.Can I Do Theory Online?
- 6.How Theory and BTW Connect
- 7.Choosing Your Training Path
- 8.FAQs
ELDT has two components: theory (classroom) and BTW (behind-the-wheel). Understanding how they work together helps you plan your training path.
📖 Theory Training
- ✓ Can be done online
- ✓ 20-40 hours typical
- ✓ Self-paced learning
- ✓ Cost: $50-$200
🚛 BTW Training
- ✓ Must be in-person
- ✓ 40-80+ hours typical
- ✓ Range + road practice
- ✓ Cost: $2,500-$6,000
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between ELDT theory and BTW?
Theory covers classroom knowledge (regulations, safety, vehicle systems) and can be done online. BTW (Behind-the-Wheel) is hands-on driving practice on a range and road, which must be done in person.
How many hours of BTW training are required?
FMCSA doesn't specify minimum BTW hours, but requires proficiency. Most quality schools provide 40-80+ hours. Be wary of schools offering less than 40 hours of actual driving time.
Can I do ELDT theory at one school and BTW at another?
Yes! Many students do online theory separately, then enroll in BTW-only training. Both schools must be registered on the TPR (Training Provider Registry).
Does online ELDT theory count toward my training hours?
Yes, online theory from a TPR-registered provider fulfills the ELDT theory requirement. It will be recorded on the Training Provider Registry and your BTW school can verify completion.
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